![]() The difference in the relative rate of growth in the presence and absence of convective flow may span orders of magnitude, which explains the absence of significant dendrites in corresponding experiments. We demonstrate that for a fixed growth rate of the bulk solid metal, the rate of growth of dendrites is smaller in the presence of convective flow compared to the case where ion transport is solely by diffusion. We show that while the convection of metal ions appears to enhance dendrite growth - an intuitive insight - it also enhances the growth of the bulk solid metal on which the dendrites grow - a well-known phenomenon. To account for the limit where metal-ion transport through the solution is the bottleneck for the rate of metal deposition (contributions to dendrite mitigation from near equilibrium surface phenomena are assumed small), we employ the perspective of kinetic stability to elucidate the contribution of ion convection to the mitigation of dendrite growth. We employ an ideal model system for the isothermal flow of an ion solution along a duct where ions desorb from one solid surface of the duct, transport through the solution, and adsorb (undergo deposition) onto the other side. Here, we scrutinize the contribution of high Peclet metal ion convection in a dilute solution to the growth rate of metal dendrites, emphasizing convective effects near the metal surface. ![]() However, these insights proved inconclusive dendrites appear to grow to different extents in many advection-based deposition systems, such as flow batteries, augmented finger batteries, and convective solidification. Similar observations were reported for electrochemical deposition four decades ago and very recently. A fully developed dendrite consists of a smooth paraboloidal shaped tip region, behind. ![]() Over a century ago, it was experimentally shown that metallic dendrites may be mitigated under the action of mass advection in the liquid adjacent to a solid metal surface which grows out of a melt. 1 shows two typical dendrites of pure materials: on the left, is a dendrite of a body-centered cubic crystal, succinonitrile (SCN) CN-(CH 2) 2-CN on the right is a dendrite of a face-centered cubic crystal, pivalic acid (PVA), (CH 3) 3-C-COOH. It is mostly known for hindering the use of high energy-density solid metal electrodes in rechargeable batteries. The growth of metallic dendrites during the electrodeposition and solidification of metal films is a formidable scientific and industrial problem. This rare metal is foreign to the Origin System and can only be found in asteroids that have made the long journey from other stars. ![]()
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